Fumoto, Eri; Matsumura, Akimitsu; Sato, Shinya; Takanohashi, Toshimasa published the article 《Kinetic Model for Catalytic Cracking of Heavy Oil with a Zirconia-Alumina-Iron Oxide Catalyst in a Steam Atmosphere》. Keywords: kinetic model catalytic cracking heavy oil activation energy; zirconia alumina iron oxide catalyst steam atm.They researched the compound: Aluminum(III) sulfate xhydrate( cas:17927-65-0 ).Product Details of 17927-65-0. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocyclic and fused heterocyclic. In addition, there is a lot of other information about this compound (cas:17927-65-0) here.
A kinetic model was proposed to represent the catalytic cracking of heavy oil with a zirconia-alumina-iron oxide catalyst in a steam atm. The model includes four lumps: heavy oil (b.p. above 350°C), gas oil (b.p. of 250-350°C), gasoline + kerosene (b.p. less than 250°C), and gas. In this reaction, heavy oil fractions reacted with lattice oxygen in iron oxide and the active oxygen species, which were incorporated from the steam into the iron oxide lattice. Hence, lighter fractions, such as gasoline, kerosene, and gas oil, and carbon dioxide were produced with almost no coke. Kinetic parameters were determined using a nonlinear least-squares regression of the exptl. results obtained under the reaction conditions of 450-500°C and a time factor, W/FR, of 3.8-28 h. The evaluated activation energy of heavy oil cracking was lower than those reported in the literature on the hydrocracking process. Accordingly, active oxygen species generated from steam and the lattice oxygen in iron oxide promoted the cracking of heavy oil.
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Reference:
Isothiazole – Wikipedia,
Isothiazole – ScienceDirect.com